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Angola scores low on human development indexes despite using its large oil reserves to rebuild since the end of a 27-year civil war in 2002. Fighting between the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), led by Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS, and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), led by Jonas SAVIMBI, followed independence from Portugal in 1975. Peace seemed imminent in 1992 when Angola held national elections, but fighting picked up again in 1993. Up to 1.5 million lives may have been lost - and 4 million people displaced - during the more than a quarter century of fighting. SAVIMBI's death in 2002 ended UNITA's insurgency and cemented the MPLA's hold on power. President DOS SANTOS pushed through a new constitution in 2010 and was elected to a five year term as president in 2012.

Location

Southern Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Namibia and Democratic Republic of the Congo

Natural Resources

petroleum, diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, copper, feldspar, gold, bauxite, uranium

Population - distribution

most people live in the western half of the country; urban areas account for the highest concentrations of people, particularly Luanda

13068161
Portuguese 71.2% (official), Umbundu 23%, Kikongo 8.2%, Kimbundu 7.8%, Chokwe 6.5%, Nhaneca 3.4%, Nganguela 3.1%, Fiote 2.4%, Kwanhama 2.3%, Muhumbi 2.1%, Luvale 1%, other 3.6%
LUANDA (capital) 5.506 million; Huambo 1.269 million (2015)
Conventional long form
Republic of Angola
Conventional short form
Angola
Local long form
Republica de Angola
Local short form
Angola
presidential republic
Name
Luanda
Geographic coordinates
8 50 S, 13 13 E
Time difference
UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Angola's economy is overwhelmingly driven by its oil sector. Oil production and its supporting activities contribute about 50% of GDP, more than 70% of government revenue, and more than 90% of the country's exports. Diamonds contribute an additional 5% to exports. Subsistence agriculture provides the main livelihood for most of the people, but half of the country's food is still imported.
Inflation
34.736%
External debt stocks
US$ 27,991,041,000
Total tax rate (% of commercial profits)
48.0%
Real Interest Rate
-9.05%
Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP)
7.061%
Current Account Balance
US$ -10,272,841,903
Labor Force, Total
10,438,882
Employment in Agriculture
5.06%
Employment in Industry
20.58%
Employment in Services
66.64%
Unemployment Rate
6.58%
Imports of goods and services
US$ 29,289,391,478
Exports of goods and services
US$ 29,596,771,749
Total Merchandise Trade
49.55%
FDI, net inflows
US$ 9,282,167,512
Commercial Service Exports
US$ 1,256,163,318
bananas, sugarcane, coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, cassava (manioc, tapioca), tobacco, vegetables, plantains; livestock; forest products; fish
petroleum; diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite, uranium, and gold; cement; basic metal products; fish processing; food processing, brewing, tobacco products, sugar; textiles; ship repair
Commodities
crude oil, diamonds, refined petroleum products, coffee, sisal, fish and fish products, timber, cotton
Partners
China 44.5%, India 8.9%, US 7.8%, Spain 6.3%, France 4.5%, South Africa 4.2% (2015)
Commodities
machinery and electrical equipment, vehicles and spare parts; medicines, food, textiles, military goods
Partners
China 22.4%, Portugal 14%, South Korea 11.2%, US 7%, UK 4.2%, France 4.1%, South Africa 4.1% (2015)
Country Risk Rating
D
A high-risk political and economic situation and an often very difficult business environment can have a very significant impact on corporate payment behavior. Corporate default probability is very high.
Business Climate Rating
D
The business environment is very difficult. Corporate financial information is rarely available and when available usually unreliable. The legal system makes debt collection very unpredictable. The institutional framework has very serious weaknesses. Intercompany transactions can thus be very difficult to manage in the highly risky environments rated D.
  • Major oil producer
  • Production of liquefied natural gas re-launched
  • Significant economic potential: diamonds, copper, iron, gold, agriculture, and hydraulic resources
  • International backing
  • Vulnerability to oil price volatility
  • High unemployment (26%), strong social inequalities and regional disparities
  • Infrastructure shortcomings
  • Fragile banking sector
  • Political and economic control held by a concentrated elite

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