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Once the seat of Viking raiders and later a major north European power, Denmark has evolved into a modern, prosperous nation that is participating in the general political and economic integration of Europe. It joined NATO in 1949 and the EEC (now the EU) in 1973. However, the country has opted out of certain elements of the EU's Maastricht Treaty, including the European Economic and Monetary Union, European defense cooperation, and issues concerning certain justice and home affairs.

Location

Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, on a peninsula north of Germany (Jutland); also includes several major islands (Sjaelland, Fyn, and Bornholm)

Natural Resources

petroleum, natural gas, fish, arable land, salt, limestone, chalk, stone, gravel and sand

Population - distribution

with excellent access to the North Sea, Skagerrak, Kattegat, and the Baltic Sea, population centers tend to be along coastal areas, particularly in Copenhagen and the eastern side of the country's mainland

5484000
Danish, Faroese, Greenlandic (an Inuit dialect), German (small minority)
COPENHAGEN (capital) 1.268 million (2015)
Conventional long form
Kingdom of Denmark
Conventional short form
Denmark
Local long form
Kongeriget Danmark
Local short form
Danmark
parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Name
Copenhagen
Geographic coordinates
55 40 N, 12 35 E
Time difference
UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Daylight saving time
+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
This thoroughly modern market economy features a high-tech agricultural sector, advanced industry with world-leading firms in pharmaceuticals, maritime shipping, and in renewable energy, and a high dependence on foreign trade. Denmark is a net exporter of food, oil, and gas and enjoys a comfortable balance of payments surplus, but depends on imports of raw materials for the manufacturing sector. Danes enjoy a high standard of living, and the Danish economy is characterized by extensive government welfare measures and an equitable distribution of income. An aging population will be a long-term issue.
Inflation
0.25%
Total tax rate (% of commercial profits)
25.0%
Real Interest Rate
4.643%
Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP)
15.56%
Current Account Balance
US$ 24,836,549,494
Labor Force, Total
2,963,839
Employment in Agriculture
2.51%
Employment in Industry
19.43%
Employment in Services
77.95%
Unemployment Rate
6.05%
Imports of goods and services
US$ 141,508,744,662
Exports of goods and services
US$ 162,558,942,336
Total Merchandise Trade
59.05%
FDI, net inflows
US$ 454,651,280
Commercial Service Exports
US$ 58,411,987,635
barley, wheat, potatoes, sugar beets; pork, dairy products; fish
iron, steel, nonferrous metals, chemicals, food processing, machinery and transportation equipment, textiles and clothing, electronics, construction, furniture and other wood products, shipbuilding and refurbishment, windmills, pharmaceuticals, medical equipment
Commodities
machinery and instruments, meat and meat products, dairy products, fish, pharmaceuticals, furniture and design, windmills
Partners
Germany 15.1%, Sweden 11.4%, Norway 6.2%, UK 6%, US 5%, Netherlands 4.5%, China 4.2% (2016)
Commodities
machinery and equipment, raw materials and semimanufactures for industry, chemicals, grain and foodstuffs, consumer goods
Partners
Germany 21.4%, Sweden 12.3%, Netherlands 8%, China 7.6%, UK 4.2%, Norway 4.2% (2016)
Country Risk Rating
A2
The political and economic situation is good. A basically stable and efficient business environment nonetheless leaves room for improvement. Corporate default probability is low on average.
Business Climate Rating
A1
The business environment is very good. Corporate financial information is available and reliable. Debt collection is efficient. Institutional quality is very good. Intercompany transactions run smoothly in environments rated A1.
  • World's fifth largest ship operator
  • Energy self-sufficiency (North Sea and Greenland oil and gas), net energy exporter
  • Niche industries (renewable energies/biotechnologies)
  • Large current account balance surplus
  • Open economy sensitive to external demand
  • Declining competitiveness of manufacturing companies
  • Very high household debt levels (290% of disposable income)
  • Scale of public sector employment (30% of employees)

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