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Most Cambodians consider themselves to be Khmers, descendants of the Angkor Empire that extended over much of Southeast Asia and reached its zenith between the 10th and 13th centuries. Attacks by the Thai and Cham (from present-day Vietnam) weakened the empire, ushering in a long period of decline. The king placed the country under French protection in 1863, and it became part of French Indochina in 1887. Following Japanese occupation in World War II, Cambodia gained full independence from France in 1953. In April 1975, after a seven-year struggle, communist Khmer Rouge forces captured Phnom Penh and evacuated all cities and towns. At least 1.5 million Cambodians died from execution, forced hardships, or starvation during the Khmer Rouge regime under POL POT. A December 1978 Vietnamese invasion drove the Khmer Rouge into the countryside, began a 10-year Vietnamese occupation, and touched off almost 13 years of civil war.

Localização

Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, between Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos

Recursos Naturais

oil and gas, timber, gemstones, iron ore, manganese, phosphates, hydropower potential, arable land

Distribuição da População

population concentrated in the southeast, particularly in and around the capital of Phnom Penh; further distribution is linked closely to the Tonle Sap and Mekong Rivers

14453680
Khmer (official) 96.3%, other 3.7% (2008 est.)
PHNOM PENH (capital) 1.731 million (2015)
Designação longa convencional
Kingdom of Cambodia
Abreviatura
Cambodia
Forma longa local
Preahreacheanachakr Kampuchea (phonetic transliteration)
Forma curto local
Kampuchea
parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Nome
Phnom Penh
Coordenadas Geográficas
11 33 N, 104 55 E
Fuso horário
UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Cambodia has experienced strong economic growth over the last decade; GDP grew at an average annual rate of over 8% between 2000 and 2010 and at least 7% since 2011. The tourism, garment, construction and real estate, and agriculture sectors accounted for the bulk of growth. Around 600,000 people, the majority of whom are women, are employed in the garment and footwear sector. An additional 500,000 Cambodians are employed in the tourism sector, and a further 50,000 people in construction. Tourism has continued to grow rapidly with foreign arrivals exceeding 2 million per year since 2007 and reaching around 4.5 million visitors in 2014. Mining also is attracting some investor interest and the government has touted opportunities for mining bauxite, gold, iron and gems.
Inflação
3,022%
Acções de dívida externa
US$ 9.318.653.000
Taxa de imposto total (% dos lucros empresa)
21,0%
Taxa de juro real
None%
Produção, valor acrescentado (% PIB)
17,236%
Saldo Corrente
US$ -1.656.718.571
Força de trabalho, total
8.754.595
Emprego na Agricultura
51%
Emprego na Industria
18,60%
Emprego nos Serviços
30,40%
Taxa de Desemprego
0,27%
Importação de Produtos e Serviços
US$ 13.144.698.809
Exportação de Produtos e Serviços
US$ 12.266.568.265
Total Comércio de Mercadorias
113,11%
IDE, entradas líquidas
US$ 1.700.968.602
Exportações de serviços comerciais
US$ 3.713.475.289
rice, rubber, corn, vegetables, cashews, cassava (manioc, tapioca), silk
tourism, garments, construction, rice milling, fishing, wood and wood products, rubber, cement, gem mining, textiles
Mercadorias
clothing, timber, rubber, rice, fish, tobacco, footwear
Parceiros
US 23%, UK 8.7%, Germany 8.2%, Japan 7.4%, Canada 6.7%, China 5.1%, Vietnam 5%, Thailand 4.9%, Netherlands 4% (2015)
Mercadorias
petroleum products, cigarettes, gold, construction materials, machinery, motor vehicles, pharmaceutical products
Parceiros
Thailand 28.7%, China 22.2%, Vietnam 16.4%, Hong Kong 6.1%, Singapore 5.7% (2015)
Índice de Risco do País
C
A very uncertain political and economic outlook and a business environment with many troublesome weaknesses can have a significant impact on corporate payment behavior. Corporate default probability is high.
Classificação de Clima de Negócios
D
The business environment is very difficult. Corporate financial information is rarely available and when available usually unreliable. The legal system makes debt collection very unpredictable. The institutional framework has very serious weaknesses. Intercompany transactions can thus be very difficult to manage in the highly risky environments rated D.
  • Dynamic textile industry and tourism sector with strong potential
  • Potential offshore hydrocarbon reserves (oil and gas)
  • Financial support from bilateral and multilateral donors
  • Regional integration (ASEAN)
  • Considerable share of agriculture in GDP and vulnerability to climate hazards
  • Underdeveloped electricity industry and transport networks
  • Lack of skilled manpower
  • Dependence on Concessional finance due to weak fiscal revenues
  • Significant governance shortcomings
  • High poverty rate

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