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At the close of World War I, the Czechs and Slovaks of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire merged to form Czechoslovakia. During the interwar years, having rejected a federal system, the new country's predominantly Czech leaders were frequently preoccupied with meeting the increasingly strident demands of other ethnic minorities within the republic, most notably the Slovaks, the Sudeten Germans, and the Ruthenians (Ukrainians). On the eve of World War II, Nazi Germany occupied the territory that today comprises Czechia, and Slovakia became an independent state allied with Germany. After the war, a reunited but truncated Czechoslovakia (less Ruthenia) fell within the Soviet sphere of influence. In 1968, an invasion by Warsaw Pact troops ended the efforts of the country's leaders to liberalize communist rule and create "socialism with a human face," ushering in a period of repression known as "normalization." The peaceful "Velvet Revolution" swept the Communist Party from power at the end of 1989 and inaugurated a return to democratic rule and a market economy. On 1 January 1993, the country underwent a nonviolent "velvet divorce" into its two national components, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The Czech Republic joined NATO in 1999 and the European Union in 2004. The country changed its short-form name to Czechia in 2016.

Localização

Central Europe, between Germany, Poland, Slovakia, and Austria

Recursos Naturais

hard coal, soft coal, kaolin, clay, graphite, timber, arable land

Distribuição da População

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, but the northern and eastern regions tend to have larger urban concentrations

10476000
Czech (official) 95.4%, Slovak 1.6%, other 3% (2011 census)
PRAGUE (capital) 1.314 million (2015)
Designação longa convencional
Czech Republic
Abreviatura
Czechia
Forma longa local
Ceska republika
Forma curto local
Cesko
parliamentary republic
Nome
Prague
Coordenadas Geográficas
50 05 N, 14 28 E
Fuso horário
UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Horário de verão
+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Czechia is a prosperous market economy that boasts one of the highest GDP growth rates and lowest unemployment levels in the EU, but its dependence on exports makes economic growth vulnerable to contractions in external demand. Czechia’s exports comprise some 80% of GDP and largely consist of automobiles, the country’s single largest industry. Czechia acceded to the EU in 2004 but has yet to join the euro-zone. While the flexible koruna helps Czechia weather external shocks, its central bank (Czech National Bank - CNB) has since November 2013 intervened in the foreign exchange markets to cap the value of the koruna at 27/Euro, with a 2% inflation target. This intervention has also helped to keep exports competitively priced. After inflation exceeded the bank's 2% target in early 2017, the CNB indicated it expects to end its intervention in the first half of 2017, though it will continue to intervene as necessary to maintain stability of the currency.
Inflação
0,639%
Taxa de imposto total (% dos lucros empresa)
50,0%
Taxa de juro real
2,806%
Produção, valor acrescentado (% PIB)
27,123%
Saldo Corrente
US$ 2.138.782.863
Força de trabalho, total
5.319.130
Emprego na Agricultura
2,93%
Emprego na Industria
38,02%
Emprego nos Serviços
59,04%
Taxa de Desemprego
4,05%
Importação de Produtos e Serviços
US$ 140.782.804.088
Exportação de Produtos e Serviços
US$ 154.999.260.090
Total Comércio de Mercadorias
158,10%
IDE, entradas líquidas
US$ 6.497.344.244
Exportações de serviços comerciais
US$ 23.886.932.789
wheat, potatoes, sugar beets, hops, fruit; pigs, poultry
motor vehicles, metallurgy, machinery and equipment, glass, armaments
Mercadorias
machinery and transport equipment, raw materials, fuel, chemicals
Parceiros
Germany 32.4%, Slovakia 9%, Poland 5.8%, UK 5.3%, France 5.1%, Italy 4.3%, Austria 4.1% (2015)
Mercadorias
machinery and transport equipment, raw materials and fuels, chemicals
Parceiros
Germany 26.4%, China 12.4%, Poland 8.3%, Slovakia 5.1%, Italy 4.2% (2015)
Índice de Risco do País
A2
The political and economic situation is good. A basically stable and efficient business environment nonetheless leaves room for improvement. Corporate default probability is low on average.
Classificação de Clima de Negócios
A2
The business environment is good. When available, corporate financial information is reliable. Debt collection is reasonably efficient. Institutions generally perform efficiently. Intercompany transactions usually run smoothly in the relatively stable environment rated A2.
  • Central geographic position, at the heart of industrial Europe
  • Strongly integrated into the international, particularly German, production chain
  • Preferential destination for foreign direct investments in Central Europe
  • Considerable industrial potential
  • Sound public accounts and banking system
  • Low external energy dependence
  • Small, very open economy: exports account for 84% of GDP
  • Highly dependent on European demand: 63% of exports are to the Eurozone, one third to Germany
  • Automotive occupies large share of the economy
  • Lack of rapid transport links with the rest of Europe
  • Aging population and lack of skilled workforce

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