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Todas as ferramentas e recursos que precisa para exportar os seus produtos em todo o mundo

For centuries China stood as a leading civilization, outpacing the rest of the world in the arts and sciences, but in the 19th and early 20th centuries, the country was beset by civil unrest, major famines, military defeats, and foreign occupation. After World War II, the communists under MAO Zedong established an autocratic socialist system that, while ensuring China's sovereignty, imposed strict controls over everyday life and cost the lives of tens of millions of people. After 1978, MAO's successor DENG Xiaoping and other leaders focused on market-oriented economic development and by 2000 output had quadrupled. For much of the population, living standards have improved dramatically and the room for personal choice has expanded, yet political controls remain tight. Since the early 1990s, China has increased its global outreach and participation in international organizations.

Localização

Eastern Asia, bordering the East China Sea, Korea Bay, Yellow Sea, and South China Sea, between North Korea and Vietnam

Recursos Naturais

coal, iron ore, petroleum, natural gas, mercury, tin, tungsten, antimony, manganese, molybdenum, vanadium, magnetite, aluminum, lead, zinc, rare earth elements, uranium, hydropower potential (world's largest), arable land

Distribuição da População

overwhelming majority of the population is found in the eastern half of the country; the west, with its vast mountainous and desert areas, remains sparsely populated; though ranked first in the world in total population, overall density is less than that of many other countries in Asia and Europe; high population density is found along the Yangtze and Yellow River valleys, the Xi Jiang River delta, the Sichuan Basin (around Chengdu), in and around Beijing, and the industrial area around Shenyang

1330044000
Standard Chinese or Mandarin (official; Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry)
Shanghai 23.741 million; BEIJING (capital) 20.384 million; Chongqing 13.332 million; Guangdong 12.458 million; Tianjin 11.21 million; Shenzhen 10.749 million (2015)
Designação longa convencional
People's Republic of China
Abreviatura
China
Forma longa local
Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo
Forma curto local
Zhongguo
communist state
Nome
Beijing
Coordenadas Geográficas
39 55 N, 116 23 E
Fuso horário
UTC+8 (13 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Since the late 1970s, China has moved from a closed, centrally planned system to a more market-oriented one that plays a major global role. China has implemented reforms in a gradualist fashion, resulting in efficiency gains that have contributed to a more than tenfold increase in GDP since 1978. Reforms began with the phaseout of collectivized agriculture, and expanded to include the gradual liberalization of prices, fiscal decentralization, increased autonomy for state enterprises, growth of the private sector, development of stock markets and a modern banking system, and opening to foreign trade and investment. China continues to pursue an industrial policy, state-support of key sectors, and a restrictive investment regime. Measured on a purchasing power parity (PPP) basis that adjusts for price differences, China in 2016 stood as the largest economy in the world, surpassing the US in 2014 for the first time in modern history. China became the world's largest exporter in 2010, and the largest trading nation in 2013. Still, China's per capita income is below the world average.
Inflação
2,008%
Acções de dívida externa
US$ 1.418.291.086.000
Taxa de imposto total (% dos lucros empresa)
68,0%
Taxa de juro real
3,101%
Produção, valor acrescentado (% PIB)
29,738%
Saldo Corrente
US$ 196.380.229.053
Força de trabalho, total
802.968.952
Emprego na Agricultura
28,30%
Emprego na Industria
29,30%
Emprego nos Serviços
42,40%
Taxa de Desemprego
4,61%
Importação de Produtos e Serviços
US$ 1.950.366.571.269
Exportação de Produtos e Serviços
US$ 2.199.967.569.433
Total Comércio de Mercadorias
32,91%
IDE, entradas líquidas
US$ 170.556.525.654
Exportações de serviços comerciais
US$ 207.192.115.755
world leader in gross value of agricultural output; rice, wheat, potatoes, corn, tobacco, peanuts, tea, apples, cotton, pork, mutton, eggs; fish, shrimp
world leader in gross value of industrial output; mining and ore processing, iron, steel, aluminum, and other metals, coal; machine building; armaments; textiles and apparel; petroleum; cement; chemicals; fertilizer; consumer products (including footwear, toys, and electronics); food processing; transportation equipment, including automobiles, railcars and locomotives, ships, aircraft; telecommunications equipment, commercial space launch vehicles, satellites
Mercadorias
electrical and other machinery, including data processing equipment, apparel, furniture, textiles, integrated circuits
Parceiros
US 18%, Hong Kong 14.6%, Japan 6%, South Korea 4.5% (2015)
Mercadorias
electrical and other machinery, oil and mineral fuels; nuclear reactor, boiler, and machinery components; optical and medical equipment, metal ores, motor vehicles; soybeans
Parceiros
South Korea 10.9%, US 9%, Japan 8.9%, Germany 5.5%, Australia 4.1% (2015)
Índice de Risco do País
B
Political and economic uncertainties and an occasionally difficult business environment can affect corporate payment behavior. Corporate default probability is appreciable.
Classificação de Clima de Negócios
B
The business environment is mediocre. The availability and the reliability of corporate financial information vary widely. Debt collection can sometimes be difficult. The institutional framework has a few troublesome weaknesses. Intercompany transactions run appreciable risks in the unstable, largely inefficient environments rated B.
  • Reduced risk of external over indebtedness thanks to the high level of foreign exchange reserves and to the maintenance of a current account surplus
  • Sovereign risk contained: public debt mainly domestic and denominated in local currency
  • Gradual move upmarket
  • Development of services
  • Development of infrastructure
  • High volatility in the strong market
  • Social tensions linked to rising inequality
  • The share of consumption in GDP remains weak: re-balancing of the Chinese growth model remains a challenge in the medium-term
  • Aging of the population and gradual drying up of the abundant and cheap labor pool
  • Overcapacity in certain industrial sectors and high corporate indebtedness
  • Fragile Chinese banks (rapid increase in credit and deterioration in asset quality)
  • Government's strategy is ambiguous on arbitrating between reform and growth
  • Environmental problems

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