The archipelago of the Comoros in the Indian Ocean, composed of the islands of Mayotte, Anjouan, Moheli, and Grand Comore declared independence from France on 6 July 1975. France did not recognize the independence of Mayotte, which remains under French administration. Since independence, Comoros has endured political instability through realized and attempted coups. In 1997, the islands of Anjouan and Moheli declared independence from Comoros. In 1999, military chief Col. AZALI Assoumani seized power of the entire government in a bloodless coup; he initiated the 2000 Fomboni Accords, a power-sharing agreement in which the federal presidency rotates among the three islands, and each island maintains its local government. AZALI won the 2002 federal presidential election as president of the Union of the Comoros from Grand Comore Island, which held the first five-year term. AZALI stepped down in 2006 and President Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed SAMBI was elected to office as president from Anjouan. In 2007, Mohamed BACAR effected Anjouan's de-facto secession from the Union of the Comoros, refusing to step down when Comoros' other islands held legitimate elections in July. The African Union (AU) initially attempted to resolve the political crisis by applying sanctions and a naval blockade to Anjouan, but in March 2008 the AU and Comoran soldiers seized the island. The island's inhabitants generally welcomed the move. In May 2011, Ikililou DHOININE won the presidency in peaceful elections widely deemed to be free and fair. In closely-contested elections in 2016, former President AZALI Assoumani won a second term, when the rotating presidency returned to Grande Comore.
Localização
Southern Africa, group of islands at the northern mouth of the Mozambique Channel, about two-thirds of the way between northern Madagascar and northern Mozambique
Recursos Naturais
fish
Distribuição da População
the capital city of Maroni, located on the western side of the island of Grande Comore, is the country's largest city; however, of the three islands that comprise Comoros, it is Anjouan that is the most densely populated
Arabic (official), French (official), Shikomoro (official; a blend of Swahili and Arabic) (Comorian)
MORONI (capital) 56,000 (2014)
- Designação longa convencional
- Union of the Comoros
- Abreviatura
- Comoros
- Forma longa local
- Udzima wa Komori (Comorian); Union des Comores (French); Jumhuriyat al Qamar al Muttahidah (Arabic)
- Forma curto local
- Komori (Comorian); Comores (French); Juzur al Qamar (Arabic)
federal presidential republic
- Nome
- Moroni
- Coordenadas Geográficas
- 11 42 S, 43 14 E
- Fuso horário
- UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
One of the world's poorest countries, the Comoros is made up of three islands that are hampered by inadequate transportation links, a young and rapidly increasing population, and few natural resources. The low educational level of the labor force contributes to a subsistence level of economic activity and a heavy dependence on foreign grants and technical assistance. Agriculture, including fishing, hunting, and forestry, accounts for 50% of GDP, employs 80% of the labor force, and provides most of the exports. Export income is heavily reliant on the three main crops of vanilla, cloves, and ylang ylang (perfume essence); and the Comoros' export earnings are easily disrupted by disasters such as fires and extreme weather. Despite agriculture’s importance to the economy, the country imports roughly 70% of its food; rice, the main staple, accounts for the bulk of imports. Remittances from about 300,000 Comorans contribute about 25% of the country’s GDP.
- Inflação
- -8,115%
- Acções de dívida externa
- US$ 133.447.000
- Taxa de imposto total (% dos lucros empresa)
- 216,5%
- Taxa de juro real
- 3,325%
- Produção, valor acrescentado (% PIB)
- 7,502%
- Saldo Corrente
- US$ -41.140.990
- Força de trabalho, total
- 274.735
- Emprego na Agricultura
- %
- Emprego na Industria
- %
- Emprego nos Serviços
- %
- Taxa de Desemprego
- 19,96%
- Importação de Produtos e Serviços
- US$ 292.294.228
- Exportação de Produtos e Serviços
- US$ 106.681.227
- Total Comércio de Mercadorias
- 35,77%
- IDE, entradas líquidas
- US$ 5.146.840
- Exportações de serviços comerciais
- US$ 60.932.329
vanilla, cloves, ylang-ylang (perfume essence), coconuts, bananas, cassava (manioc)
fishing, tourism, perfume distillation
- Mercadorias
- vanilla, ylang-ylang (perfume essence), cloves
- Parceiros
- India 33.4%, France 15.9%, Germany 8.1%, Saudi Arabia 6.7%, Singapore 6.2%, Netherlands 5.7%, Mauritius 4.9% (2015)
- Mercadorias
- rice and other foodstuffs, consumer goods, petroleum products, cement and construction materials, transport equipment
- Parceiros
- China 18.7%, Pakistan 16%, France 14.6%, UAE 11.2%, India 6.3% (2015)
- Índice de Risco do País
- Classificação de Clima de Negócios