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Greece achieved independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1830. During the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, it gradually added neighboring islands and territories, most with Greek-speaking populations. In World War II, Greece was first invaded by Italy (1940) and subsequently occupied by Germany (1941-44); fighting endured in a protracted civil war between supporters of the king and other anti-communist and communist rebels. Following the latter's defeat in 1949, Greece joined NATO in 1952. In 1967, a group of military officers seized power, establishing a military dictatorship that suspended many political liberties and forced the king to flee the country. In 1974 following the collapse of the dictatorship, democratic elections and a referendum created a parliamentary republic and abolished the monarchy. In 1981, Greece joined the EC (now the EU); it became the 12th member of the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) in 2001. Greece has suffered a severe economic crisis since late 2009, due to nearly a decade of chronic overspending and structural rigidities. Since 2010, Greece has entered three bailout agreements with the European Commission, the European Central Bank (ECB), the IMF, and with the third, the European Stability Mechanism (ESM). The Greek Government agreed to its current, $96 billion bailout in August 2015, which will conclude in August 2018.

Localização

Southern Europe, bordering the Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea, between Albania and Turkey

Recursos Naturais

lignite, petroleum, iron ore, bauxite, lead, zinc, nickel, magnesite, marble, salt, hydropower potential

Distribuição da População

one-third of the population lives in and around metropolitan Athens; the remainder of the country has moderate population density mixed with sizeable urban clusters

11000000
Greek (official) 99%, other (includes English and French) 1%
ATHENS (capital) 3.052 million (2015)
Designação longa convencional
Hellenic Republic
Abreviatura
Greece
Forma longa local
Elliniki Dimokratia
Forma curto local
Ellas or Ellada
parliamentary republic
Nome
Athens
Coordenadas Geográficas
37 59 N, 23 44 E
Fuso horário
UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Horário de verão
+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Greece has a capitalist economy with a public sector accounting for about 40% of GDP and with per capita GDP about two-thirds that of the leading euro-zone economies. Tourism provides 18% of GDP. Immigrants make up nearly one-fifth of the work force, mainly in agricultural and unskilled jobs. Greece is a major beneficiary of EU aid, equal to about 3.3% of annual GDP.
Inflação
-0,826%
Taxa de imposto total (% dos lucros empresa)
50,7%
Taxa de juro real
7,544%
Produção, valor acrescentado (% PIB)
9,8%
Saldo Corrente
US$ -1.130.773.741
Força de trabalho, total
4.764.752
Emprego na Agricultura
12,90%
Emprego na Industria
14,94%
Emprego nos Serviços
72,16%
Taxa de Desemprego
23,91%
Importação de Produtos e Serviços
US$ 59.971.170.062
Exportação de Produtos e Serviços
US$ 58.666.448.637
Total Comércio de Mercadorias
39,44%
IDE, entradas líquidas
US$ 3.068.220.745
Exportações de serviços comerciais
US$ 27.609.941.771
wheat, corn, barley, sugar beets, olives, tomatoes, wine, tobacco, potatoes; beef, dairy products
tourism, food and tobacco processing, textiles, chemicals, metal products; mining, petroleum
Mercadorias
food and beverages, manufactured goods, petroleum products, chemicals, textiles
Parceiros
Italy 11.2%, Germany 7.3%, Turkey 6.6%, Cyprus 5.9%, Bulgaria 5.2%, US 4.8%, UK 4.2%, Egypt 4% (2015)
Mercadorias
machinery, transport equipment, fuels, chemicals
Parceiros
Germany 10.7%, Italy 8.4%, Russia 7.9%, Iraq 7%, China 5.9%, Netherlands 5.5%, France 4.5% (2015)
Índice de Risco do País
C
A very uncertain political and economic outlook and a business environment with many troublesome weaknesses can have a significant impact on corporate payment behavior. Corporate default probability is high.
Classificação de Clima de Negócios
A3
The business environment is relatively good. Although not always available, corporate financial information is usually reliable. Debt collection and the institutional framework may have some shortcomings. Intercompany transactions may run into occasional difficulties in the otherwise secure environments rated A3.
  • Support from the international financial community, possibility of debt relief at the end of 2018
  • World leader in maritime transport
  • Tourist attractiveness
  • Very high public debt
  • Quality of banks' portfolios very degraded
  • Weak public institutions, high tax evasion
  • Limited industrial base, low technological content of exports (foodstuffs, chemical products, metals, refined oil)
  • Social tensions fostered by fiscal austerity and massive unemployment

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