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Equatorial Guinea gained independence in 1968 after 190 years of Spanish rule; it is one of the smallest countries in Africa consisting of a mainland territory and five inhabited islands. The capital of Malabo is located on the island of Bioko, approximately 25 km from the Cameroonian coastline in the Gulf of Guinea. Between 1968 and 1979, autocratic President Francisco MACIAS NGUEMA virtually destroyed all of the country's political, economic, and social institutions before being deposed by his nephew Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO in a coup. President OBIANG has ruled since October 1979 and was reelected in 2016. Although nominally a constitutional democracy since 1991, presidential and legislative elections since 1996 have generally been labeled as flawed. The president exerts almost total control over the political system and has placed legal and bureaucratic barriers that prevent political opposition. Equatorial Guinea has experienced rapid economic growth due to the discovery of large offshore oil reserves, and in the last decade has become Sub-Saharan Africa's third largest oil exporter. Despite the country's economic windfall from oil production, resulting in a massive increase in government revenue in recent years, the drop in global oil prices has placed significant strain on the state budget. Equatorial Guinea continues to seek to diversify its economy and to increase foreign investment despite limited improvements in the population's living standards. Equatorial Guinea is the host of major regional and international conferences and continues to seek a greater role in regional affairs.

Localização

Central Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Cameroon and Gabon

Recursos Naturais

petroleum, natural gas, timber, gold, bauxite, diamonds, tantalum, sand and gravel, clay

Distribuição da População

only two large cities over 30,000 people (Bata on the mainland, and the capital Malabo on the island of Bioko); small communities are scattered throughout the mainland and the five inhabited islands

1014999
Spanish (official) 67.6%, other (includes French (official), Fang, Bubi) 32.4% (1994 census)
MALABO (capital) 145,000 (2014)
Designação longa convencional
Republic of Equatorial Guinea
Abreviatura
Equatorial Guinea
Forma longa local
Republica de Guinea Ecuatorial/Republique de Guinee Equatoriale
Forma curto local
Guinea Ecuatorial/Guinee Equatoriale
presidential republic
Nome
Malabo
Coordenadas Geográficas
3 45 N, 8 47 E
Fuso horário
UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Exploitation of oil and gas deposits, beginning in the 1990s, has driven economic growth in Equatorial Guinea; a recent rebasing of GDP resulted in an upward revision of the size of the economy by approximately 30%. Forestry and farming are minor components of GDP. Although preindependence Equatorial Guinea counted on cocoa production for hard currency earnings, the neglect of the rural economy since independence has diminished the potential for agriculture-led growth. Subsistence farming is the dominant form of livelihood. Declining revenue from hydrocarbon production, high levels of infrastructure expenditures, lack of economic diversification, and corruption have pushed the economy into decline in recent years and limited improvements in the general population’s living conditions. Equatorial Guinea’s real GDP growth has been weak in recent years, averaging -0.5% per year from 2010 to 2014, because of a declining hydrocarbon sector. Inflation remained very low in 2016, down from an average of 4% in 2014.
Inflação
1,668%
Taxa de imposto total (% dos lucros empresa)
79,4%
Taxa de juro real
11,61%
Produção, valor acrescentado (% PIB)
12,3%
Saldo Corrente
US$ -344.039.026
Força de trabalho, total
627.641
Emprego na Agricultura
76,35%
Emprego na Industria
4,76%
Emprego nos Serviços
17,61%
Taxa de Desemprego
7,33%
Importação de Produtos e Serviços
US$ 4.511.747.055
Exportação de Produtos e Serviços
US$ 5.609.325.470
Total Comércio de Mercadorias
74,66%
IDE, entradas líquidas
US$ 316.172.119
Exportações de serviços comerciais
US$ 4.879.265
coffee, cocoa, rice, yams, cassava (manioc, tapioca), bananas, palm oil nuts; livestock; timber
petroleum, natural gas, sawmilling
Mercadorias
petroleum products, timber
Parceiros
China 17.2%, South Korea 15.6%, Spain 9.4%, Brazil 8.5%, Netherlands 7.1%, India 6.2%, UK 6%, France 5.9%, Italy 4% (2015)
Mercadorias
petroleum sector equipment, other equipment, construction materials, vehicles
Parceiros
Netherlands 17%, Spain 16.5%, China 15%, US 9%, Cote dIvoire 6%, France 4.8% (2015)
Índice de Risco do País
Classificação de Clima de Negócios

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