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The Indus Valley civilization, one of the world's oldest, flourished during the 3rd and 2nd millennia B.C. and extended into northwestern India. Aryan tribes from the northwest infiltrated the Indian subcontinent about 1500 B.C.; their merger with the earlier Dravidian inhabitants created the classical Indian culture. The Maurya Empire of the 4th and 3rd centuries B.C. - which reached its zenith under ASHOKA - united much of South Asia. The Golden Age ushered in by the Gupta dynasty (4th to 6th centuries A.D.) saw a flowering of Indian science, art, and culture. Islam spread across the subcontinent over a period of 700 years. In the 10th and 11th centuries, Turks and Afghans invaded India and established the Delhi Sultanate. In the early 16th century, the Emperor BABUR established the Mughal Dynasty, which ruled India for more than three centuries. European explorers began establishing footholds in India during the 16th century.

Localização

Southern Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and Pakistan

Recursos Naturais

coal (fourth-largest reserves in the world), iron ore, manganese, mica, bauxite, rare earth elements, titanium ore, chromite, natural gas, diamonds, petroleum, limestone, arable land

Distribuição da População

with the notable exception of the deserts in the northwest, including the Thar Desert, and the mountain fringe in the north, a very high population density exists throughout most of the country; the core of the population is in the north along the banks of the Ganges, with other river valleys and southern coastal areas also having large population concentrations

1173108018
Hindi 41%, Bengali 8.1%, Telugu 7.2%, Marathi 7%, Tamil 5.9%, Urdu 5%, Gujarati 4.5%, Kannada 3.7%, Malayalam 3.2%, Oriya 3.2%, Punjabi 2.8%, Assamese 1.3%, Maithili 1.2%, other 5.9%
NEW DELHI (capital) 25.703 million; Mumbai 21.043 million; Kolkata 11.766 million; Bangalore 10.087 million; Chennai 9.62 million; Hyderabad 8.944 million (2015)
Designação longa convencional
Republic of India
Abreviatura
India
Forma longa local
Republic of India/Bharatiya Ganarajya
Forma curto local
India/Bharat
federal parliamentary republic
Nome
New Delhi
Coordenadas Geográficas
28 36 N, 77 12 E
Fuso horário
UTC+5.5 (10.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; non-party state to the ICCt
India's diverse economy encompasses traditional village farming, modern agriculture, handicrafts, a wide range of modern industries, and a multitude of services. Slightly less than half of the workforce is in agriculture, but services are the major source of economic growth, accounting for nearly two-thirds of India's output but employing less than one-third of its labor force. India has capitalized on its large educated English-speaking population to become a major exporter of information technology services, business outsourcing services, and software workers.
Inflação
4,941%
Acções de dívida externa
US$ 479.558.646.000
Taxa de imposto total (% dos lucros empresa)
60,6%
Taxa de juro real
5,86%
Produção, valor acrescentado (% PIB)
16,514%
Saldo Corrente
US$ -22.456.838.010
Força de trabalho, total
511.281.907
Emprego na Agricultura
49,70%
Emprego na Industria
21,50%
Emprego nos Serviços
28,70%
Taxa de Desemprego
3,46%
Importação de Produtos e Serviços
US$ 467.066.386.979
Exportação de Produtos e Serviços
US$ 434.063.796.386
Total Comércio de Mercadorias
27,53%
IDE, entradas líquidas
US$ 44.009.492.130
Exportações de serviços comerciais
US$ 155.717.122.914
rice, wheat, oilseed, cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane, lentils, onions, potatoes; dairy products, sheep, goats, poultry; fish
textiles, chemicals, food processing, steel, transportation equipment, cement, mining, petroleum, machinery, software, pharmaceuticals
Mercadorias
petroleum products, precious stones, vehicles, machinery, iron and steel, chemicals, pharmaceutical products, cereals, apparel
Parceiros
US 15.2%, UAE 11.4%, Hong Kong 4.6% (1 January - 30 September 2016)
Mercadorias
crude oil, precious stones, machinery, chemicals, fertilizer, plastics, iron and steel
Parceiros
China 15.7%, Saudi Arabia 5.4%, Switzerland 5.4%, US 5.3%, UAE 5.2% (1 January - 30 September 2016)
Índice de Risco do País
A4
A somewhat shaky political and economic outlook and a relatively volatile business environment can affect corporate payment behavior. Corporate default probability is still acceptable on average.
Classificação de Clima de Negócios
B
The business environment is mediocre. The availability and the reliability of corporate financial information vary widely. Debt collection can sometimes be difficult. The institutional framework has a few troublesome weaknesses. Intercompany transactions run appreciable risks in the unstable, largely inefficient environments rated B.
  • Diversified growth drivers
  • Solid fundamentals: high levels of savings and investment
  • Effective private sector in services
  • Moderate external debt and satisfactory foreign exchange exchange
  • Lack of infrastructures and shortcomings in the education system
  • Cumbersome bureaucracy and president political deadlocks
  • Net importer of energy resources
  • Rising debt of private companies
  • Weak public finances
  • Persistent uncertainties over the Kashmir issue

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