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Independent from France in 1960, Mauritania annexed the southern third of the former Spanish Sahara (now Western Sahara) in 1976 but relinquished it after three years of raids by the Polisario guerrilla front seeking independence for the territory. Maaouya Ould Sid Ahmed TAYA seized power in a coup in 1984 and ruled Mauritania with a heavy hand for more than two decades. A series of presidential elections that he held were widely seen as flawed. A bloodless coup in August 2005 deposed President TAYA and ushered in a military council that oversaw a transition to democratic rule. Independent candidate Sidi Ould Cheikh ABDALLAHI was inaugurated in April 2007 as Mauritania's first freely and fairly elected president. His term ended prematurely in August 2008 when a military junta led by General Mohamed Ould Abdel AZIZ deposed him and installed a military council government. AZIZ was subsequently elected president in July 2009 and sworn in the following month. AZIZ sustained injuries from an accidental shooting by his own troops in October 2012 but has continued to maintain his authority. He was reelected in 2014 to a second and final term as president (according to the present constitution). The country continues to experience ethnic tensions among three major groups: Arabic-speaking descendants of slaves (Haratines), Arabic-speaking "White Moors" (Bidhan), and members of Sub-Saharan ethnic groups mostly originating in the Senegal River valley (Halpulaar, Soninke, and Wolof). Mauritania confronts a terrorism threat by al-Qa'ida in the Islamic Maghreb, which launched successful attacks between 2005 and 2011.

Localização

Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Senegal and Western Sahara

Recursos Naturais

iron ore, gypsum, copper, phosphate, diamonds, gold, oil, fish

Distribuição da População

with most of the country being a desert, vast areas of the country, particularly in the central, northern, and eastern areas, are without sizeable population clusters; half the population lives in or around the coastal capital of Nouakchott; smaller clusters are found near the southern border with Mali and Senegal

3205060
Arabic (official and national), Pular, Soninke, Wolof (all national languages), French
NOUAKCHOTT (capital) 968,000 (2015)
Designação longa convencional
Islamic Republic of Mauritania
Abreviatura
Mauritania
Forma longa local
Al Jumhuriyah al Islamiyah al Muritaniyah
Forma curto local
Muritaniyah
presidential republic
Nome
Nouakchott
Coordenadas Geográficas
18 04 N, 15 58 W
Fuso horário
UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Mauritania's economy is dominated by extractive industries (oil and mines), fisheries and agriculture. Half the population still depends on farming and raising livestock, even though many nomads and subsistence farmers were forced into the cities by recurrent droughts in the 1970s, 1980s and 2000s. Recently, GDP growth has been driven largely by foreign investment in the mining and oil sectors.
Inflação
0,485%
Acções de dívida externa
US$ 3.690.589.000
Taxa de imposto total (% dos lucros empresa)
71,3%
Taxa de juro real
15,856%
Produção, valor acrescentado (% PIB)
6,728%
Saldo Corrente
US$ -955.946.938
Força de trabalho, total
1.218.579
Emprego na Agricultura
%
Emprego na Industria
%
Emprego nos Serviços
%
Taxa de Desemprego
11,66%
Importação de Produtos e Serviços
US$ 3.034.964.061
Exportação de Produtos e Serviços
US$ 1.716.020.525
Total Comércio de Mercadorias
67,40%
IDE, entradas líquidas
US$ 501.726.766
Exportações de serviços comerciais
US$ 202.499.614
dates, millet, sorghum, rice, corn; cattle, camel and sheep
fish processing, oil production, mining (iron ore, gold, copper)
Mercadorias
iron ore, fish and fish products, livestock, gold, copper, crude oil
Parceiros
China 32.7%, Switzerland 11.1%, Spain 8.6%, Italy 6.7%, Cote dIvoire 6.6%, Japan 5.7% (2015)
Mercadorias
machinery and equipment, petroleum products, capital goods, foodstuffs, consumer goods
Parceiros
China 27.8%, France 6.9%, Morocco 5.6%, Spain 5.2%, Brazil 4.9%, US 4.4% (2015)
Índice de Risco do País
D
A high-risk political and economic situation and an often very difficult business environment can have a very significant impact on corporate payment behavior. Corporate default probability is very high.
Classificação de Clima de Negócios
D
The business environment is very difficult. Corporate financial information is rarely available and when available usually unreliable. The legal system makes debt collection very unpredictable. The institutional framework has very serious weaknesses. Intercompany transactions can thus be very difficult to manage in the highly risky environments rated D.
  • Support from donors and international development organizations
  • Mineral and halieutic resources
  • Energy source potential (oil, gas, and renewables)
  • Enduring political instability and security concerns
  • Poorly diversified economy, vulnerable to fluctuations in mineral (iron, copper gold, quartz, phosphates), food, oil, and gas prices
  • Non-inclusive growth and high unemployment, especially among young people
  • Restricted formal economy

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