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The Dutch United Provinces declared their independence from Spain in 1579; during the 17th century, they became a leading seafaring and commercial power, with settlements and colonies around the world. After a 20-year French occupation, a Kingdom of the Netherlands was formed in 1815. In 1830, Belgium seceded and formed a separate kingdom. The Netherlands remained neutral in World War I, but suffered German invasion and occupation in World War II. A modern, industrialized nation, the Netherlands is also a large exporter of agricultural products. The country was a founding member of NATO and the EEC (now the EU) and participated in the introduction of the euro in 1999. In October 2010, the former Netherlands Antilles was dissolved and the three smallest islands - Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, and Saba - became special municipalities in the Netherlands administrative structure. The larger islands of Sint Maarten and Curacao joined the Netherlands and Aruba as constituent countries forming the Kingdom of the Netherlands.

Localização

Western Europe, bordering the North Sea, between Belgium and Germany

Recursos Naturais

natural gas, petroleum, peat, limestone, salt, sand and gravel, arable land

Distribuição da População

an area known as the Randstad, anchored by the cities of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, the Hague, and Utrecht, is the most densely populated region; the north tends to be less dense, though sizeable communities can be found throughout the entire country

16645000
Dutch (official)
AMSTERDAM (capital) 1.091 million; Rotterdam 993,000; The Hague (seat of government) 650,000 (2015)
Designação longa convencional
Kingdom of the Netherlands
Abreviatura
Netherlands
Forma longa local
Koninkrijk der Nederlanden
Forma curto local
Nederland
parliamentary constitutional monarchy; part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Nome
Amsterdam
Coordenadas Geográficas
52 21 N, 4 55 E
Fuso horário
UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Horário de verão
+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
The Netherlands, the sixth-largest economy in the European Union, plays an important role as a European transportation hub, with a persistently high trade surplus, stable industrial relations, and low unemployment. Industry focuses on food processing, chemicals, petroleum refining, and electrical machinery. A highly mechanized agricultural sector employs only 2% of the labor force but provides large surpluses for food-processing and underpins the country’s status as the world’s second largest agricultural exporter.
Inflação
0,317%
Taxa de imposto total (% dos lucros empresa)
40,4%
Taxa de juro real
0,202%
Produção, valor acrescentado (% PIB)
11,973%
Saldo Corrente
US$ 64.754.485.415
Força de trabalho, total
9.025.921
Emprego na Agricultura
2,14%
Emprego na Industria
15,16%
Emprego nos Serviços
74,94%
Taxa de Desemprego
6,17%
Importação de Produtos e Serviços
US$ 538.964.676.190
Exportação de Produtos e Serviços
US$ 622.913.847.692
Total Comércio de Mercadorias
139,21%
IDE, entradas líquidas
US$ 80.802.662.949
Exportações de serviços comerciais
US$ 145.307.487.376
vegetables, ornamentals, dairy, poultry and livestock products; propagation materials
agroindustries, metal and engineering products, electrical machinery and equipment, chemicals, petroleum, construction, microelectronics, fishing
Mercadorias
machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, mineral fuels; food and livestock, manufactured goods
Parceiros
Germany 24.5%, Belgium 11.1%, UK 9.3%, France 8.4%, Italy 4.2% (2015)
Mercadorias
machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs, clothing
Parceiros
Germany 14.7%, China 14.5%, Belgium 8.2%, US 8.1%, UK 5.1% (2015)
Índice de Risco do País
A2
The political and economic situation is good. A basically stable and efficient business environment nonetheless leaves room for improvement. Corporate default probability is low on average.
Classificação de Clima de Negócios
A1
The business environment is very good. Corporate financial information is available and reliable. Debt collection is efficient. Institutional quality is very good. Intercompany transactions run smoothly in environments rated A1.
  • Port activity (Rotterdam, leading European port)
  • Good competitiveness indicators
  • Diversified exports and external accounts in surplus
  • High quality infrastructure
  • High levels of household savings: net financial assets = 200% of GDP
  • Economy reliant on European economic cycle
  • Exposure to UK risk
  • Households and banks reliant on property market
  • Concentration of wealth in housing and pension funds; lack of liquidity
  • Aging population, high cost of healthcare
  • High taxation of labor

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