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A Central Asian country of incredible natural beauty and proud nomadic traditions, most of the territory of present-day Kyrgyzstan was formally annexed to the Russian Empire in 1876. The Kyrgyz staged a major revolt against the Tsarist Empire in 1916 in which almost one-sixth of the Kyrgyz population was killed. Kyrgyzstan became a Soviet republic in 1936 and achieved independence in 1991 when the USSR dissolved. Nationwide demonstrations in the spring of 2005 resulted in the ouster of President Askar AKAEV, who had run the country since 1990. Former Prime Minister Kurmanbek BAKIEV overwhelmingly won the presidential election in the summer of 2005. Over the next few years, he manipulated the parliament to accrue new powers for the presidency. In July 2009, after months of harassment against his opponents and media critics, BAKIEV won reelection in a presidential campaign that the international community deemed flawed. In April 2010, violent protests in Bishkek led to the collapse of the BAKIEV regime and his eventual flight to Minsk, Belarus. His successor, Roza OTUNBAEVA, served as transitional president until Almazbek ATAMBAEV was inaugurated in December 2011, marking the first peaceful transfer of presidential power in independent Kyrgyzstan's history. Continuing concerns include: the trajectory of democratization, endemic corruption, poor interethnic relations, border security vulnerabilities, and potential terrorist threats.

Localização

Central Asia, west of China, south of Kazakhstan

Recursos Naturais

abundant hydropower; gold, rare earth metals; locally exploitable coal, oil, and natural gas; other deposits of nepheline, mercury, bismuth, lead, and zinc

Distribuição da População

the vast majority of Kyrgyzstanis live in rural areas; densest population settlement is to the north in and around the capital, Bishkek, followed by Osh in the west; the least densely populated area is the east, southeast in the Tien Shan mountains

5776500
Kyrgyz (official) 71.4%, Uzbek 14.4%, Russian (official) 9%, other 5.2% (2009 est.)
BISHKEK (capital) 865,000 (2015)
Designação longa convencional
Kyrgyz Republic
Abreviatura
Kyrgyzstan
Forma longa local
Kyrgyz Respublikasy
Forma curto local
Kyrgyzstan
parliamentary republic
Nome
Bishkek
Coordenadas Geográficas
42 52 N, 74 36 E
Fuso horário
UTC+6 (11 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Kyrgyzstan is a landlocked, mountainous, lower middle income country with an economy dominated by minerals extraction, agriculture, and reliance on remittances from citizens working abroad. Cotton, wool, and meat are the main agricultural products, although only cotton is exported in any quantity. Other exports include gold, mercury, uranium, natural gas, and - in some years - electricity. The country has sought to attract foreign investment to expand its export base, including construction of hydroelectric dams, but a difficult investment climate and an ongoing legal battle with a Canadian firm over the joint ownership structure of the nation’s largest gold mine deter potential investors. Remittances from Kyrgyz migrant workers, predominantly in Russia and Kazakhstan, are equivalent to over one-quarter of Kyrgyzstan’s GDP.
Inflação
0,422%
Acções de dívida externa
US$ 7.504.489.000
Taxa de imposto total (% dos lucros empresa)
29,0%
Taxa de juro real
19,277%
Produção, valor acrescentado (% PIB)
16,644%
Saldo Corrente
US$ -992.598.192
Força de trabalho, total
2.627.866
Emprego na Agricultura
29,31%
Emprego na Industria
20,90%
Emprego nos Serviços
49,79%
Taxa de Desemprego
7,69%
Importação de Produtos e Serviços
US$ 4.909.995.175
Exportação de Produtos e Serviços
US$ 2.489.016.026
Total Comércio de Mercadorias
83,40%
IDE, entradas líquidas
US$ 1.139.260.400
Exportações de serviços comerciais
US$ 846.019.001
cotton, potatoes, vegetables, grapes, fruits and berries; sheep, goats, cattle, wool
small machinery, textiles, food processing, cement, shoes, lumber, refrigerators, furniture, electric motors, gold, rare earth metals
Mercadorias
gold, cotton, wool, garments, meat; mercury, uranium, electricity; machinery; shoes
Parceiros
Switzerland 26.1%, Uzbekistan 22.6%, Kazakhstan 20.8%, UAE 4.9%, Turkey 4.5%, Afghanistan 4.5%, Russia 4.2% (2015)
Mercadorias
oil and gas, machinery and equipment, chemicals, foodstuffs
Parceiros
China 56.6%, Russia 17.2%, Kazakhstan 10% (2015)
Índice de Risco do País
D
A high-risk political and economic situation and an often very difficult business environment can have a very significant impact on corporate payment behavior. Corporate default probability is very high.
Classificação de Clima de Negócios
D
The business environment is very difficult. Corporate financial information is rarely available and when available usually unreliable. The legal system makes debt collection very unpredictable. The institutional framework has very serious weaknesses. Intercompany transactions can thus be very difficult to manage in the highly risky environments rated D.
  • Substantial gold resources
  • Vast hydroelectric potential
  • Supported by bilateral and multilateral donors
  • Pivotal strategic position between Asia and the CIS
  • Member of the Eurasian Economic Union since 2015 (Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Armenia)
  • Economy poorly diversified and still dependent on gold and remittances
  • Landlocked country with very high energy dependency
  • Difficult business climate
  • Fragile political situation, regional and inter-ethnic tensions
  • Difficult relations with its neighbors (water management, borders)

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